Outline of chess - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Starting position of a game of chess. Pope Saint John Paul II (Latin: Ioannes Paulus II; Italian: Giovanni Paolo II; Polish: Jan Pawe Get the latest Rolling Stone new music news, song and album reviews, free music downloads, artist videos & pictures, playlists and more. Browse our collection of luxury information for news stories, slideshows, opinion pieces and related videos posted on AOL.com. Home site of the Wachusett Chess Club, serving the Central New England chess community for over half a centiry. USCF (United States Chess Federation) & MACA. Chess set – all the pieces required to play a game of chess. Chess sets come in various materials and styles, and some are considered collectors' items and works of. The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to chess: Chess is a two- player board game played on a chessboard (a square- checkered board with 6. In a chess game, each player begins with sixteen pieces: one king, one queen, two rooks, two knights, two bishops, and eight pawns. The object of the game is to checkmate the opponent's king, whereby the king is under immediate attack (in . Games are distinct from work, which is usually carried out for remuneration, and from art, which is more often an expression of aesthetic or ideological elements. However, the distinction is not clear- cut, and many games are also considered to be work (such as professional players of spectator sports/games) or art (such as jigsaw puzzles or games involving an artistic layout such as Mahjong, solitaire, or some video games). Games may be based on pure strategy, chance or a mixture of the two and usually have a goal which a player aims to achieve. Strategy game . Almost all strategy games require internal decision tree style thinking, and typically very high situation awareness. Two- player game . It is governed by a set of rules or customs. Newly Remastered Limited Edition Collections. The Mosaic Guarantee. Design: Paul Fryer” —————————————— I like the idea of the light-up chess pieces, but I’m not sure how annoying. Chess ICT is set to acquire a subsidiary of AIM-listed Pinnacle Technology Group, headquartered in Northampton. Pinnacle has agreed to sell the trade and assets of. Chess is recognized as a sport by the International Olympic Committee. The colors are called . Chess boards can be built into chess tables, or dispensed with (along with pieces) if playing mental chess, computer chess, Internet chess and sometimes correspondence chess. Chess sets come in various materials and styles, and some are considered collectors' items and works of art. The most popular style for competitive play is the Staunton chess set, named after Howard Staunton. The relative values given are approximate and depend on the game situation. Each player controls one of the armies for the entire game. The pieces in each army include. The object of the game is checkmate, by placing the enemy king in check in a way that it cannot escape capture in the next move. On the top of the piece is a cross. The top of the piece is crown- like. Official tournament chess sets have 2 queens of each color, to deal with pawns being promoted . Pawns have a relative value of 1 point each. Specialized equipment. Only the timer of the player who is to move is active. Used for speed chess, and to regulate time in tournament games. Score sheet and writing implement . On its first move, a pawn may move two squares forward instead (with no capturing allowed in a two- square move). Also, pawns are subject to the en passant and promotion movement rules (see below). One bishop in each army moves diagonally on white squares only, and the other bishop is restricted to moving along black squares. Moving a rook . It may also make a special move called . In competition this usually counts as a half- win for each player. This was formerly a rule of chess to result in a draw, and still used informally, but superseded by the threefold repetition rule and fifty- move rule, which make it implicit. Competition rules and other features. This has become rare since the advent of computer analysis of chess games. Chess notation . If he touches an opponent's piece, he must capture it if he can legally. Minor variants. Spotting these moves is the key to higher- level play. Compensation . There are a variety of such handicaps, such as material odds (the stronger player surrenders a certain piece or pieces), extra moves (the weaker player has an agreed number of extra moves at the beginning of the game), extra time on the chess clock, and special conditions (such as requiring the odds- giver to deliver checkmate with a specified piece or pawn). Various permutations of these, such as . After the opponent's move, the premove will be made, if legal, taking only 0. Priyome . Sometimes a player may want to lose a tempo. General situations. Transpositions are particularly common in openings, where a given position may be reached by different sequences of moves. Players sometimes use transpositions deliberately in order to avoid variations they dislike, lure opponents into unfamiliar or uncomfortable territory or simply to worry opponents. Pawn structure may be used for tactical or strategic effect, or both. Backward pawn . Tactics are usually contrasted with strategy, in which advantages take longer to be realized, and the opponent is less constrained in responding. Anti- computer tactics - tactics used by humans in games against computers that the program cannot handle very well. Capture . Except in the case of an en passant capture, the capturing man replaces the captured man on its square. Also, a move that captures. Captures can be executed offensively or defensively. Combination . The rook is generally the stronger piece unless a player obtains other advantages for allowing the exchange. Flight square . E. Block (blocking an attack) . When the piece being attacked is the king, this is blocking a check. Deflection . The term is also sometimes used to refer to a tactic where a piece either (2) indirectly attacks an enemy piece through another piece or pieces or (3) defends a friendly piece through an enemy piece. Offensive tactics. E. g., the queen and a bishop, or the queen and a rook, or both rooks, or the queen and both rooks. Opportunities for interference are rare because the defended object must be more valuable than the sacrificed piece, and the interposition must itself represent a threat. King walk . Not to be confused with . Knights are good pieces to occupy outposts. Overloading . While this is a rule, it is also a type of move, with tactical significance. Pawn promotion, or the threat of it, often decides the result of a chess endgame. Although these pieces are less powerful than the queen, there are some situations where it is advantageous to underpromote. Promoting to a rook or bishop is advantageous in cases where promoting to a queen would result in an immediate stalemate. Pawn storm . In fact, a skewer is sometimes described as a . The reason is to lose a tempo and put the opponent in zugzwang. Undermining . Some checkmate patterns occur sufficiently frequently, or are otherwise of such interest to scholars, that they have acquired specific names in chess commentary. Here are some of the most notorious: Back- rank checkmate . It is notoriously difficult to achieve. Boden's Mate . It is rare in practice. Scholar's mate . It is fairly common at the novice level. Smothered mate . When the piece being attacked is the king, this is blocking a check. Blockade . While evaluating a position strategically, a player must take into account such factors as the relative value of the pieces on the board, pawn structure, king safety, position of pieces, and control of key squares and groups of squares (e. There have been several schools in the history of modern chess. Today there is less dependence on schools . Rather than occupying the center of the board with pawns in the opening, control the center by attacking it with knights and bishops from the side. Game phases. Many games end in the middlegame. Chess endgame . Recognized sequences of opening moves are referred to as openings as finished by White or defenses, as finished by Black, but opening is also used as the general term. Checkmates in the opening . A prime example consists of the moves: 1. The moves might be played in a different order or in slight variation, but the basic idea is the same: the queen and bishop combine in a simple mating attack on f. Black is performing the mate). Smothered mate . Most often the checkmated king has castled queenside, and is mated on c. Epaulette mate . The most common Epaulette mate involves the king on his back rank, trapped between two rooks. L. The trap is named after the French player Sire de L. It may be lengthy, depending on the number of rounds played. Knockout tournament . These are often referred to as . In composing and solving competitions, directmates are further broken down into three classes. Two- movers . Check may not be given except on the last move. A seriesmover may take various forms. Seriesmate . It was founded in 1. Hanon Russell, and is well known as a repository of articles about chess and its history. Chessgames. com . The site maintains a large database of chess games, where each game has its own discussion page for comments and analysis. FIDE Online Arena . It was organised as a free alternative to the Internet Chess Club (ICC), after that site began charging for membership. Internet Chess Club . Most games and tournaments are played on a correspondence chess server owned by the club for this purpose. The Week in Chess . He is considered to have been the greatest chess master of his era and an unofficial World Chess Champion. From the 1. 87. 0s onwards, commentators have debated whether Steinitz was effectively the champion earlier. Emanuel Lasker (December 2. Alekhine is highly regarded as a chess writer and theoretician, producing innovations in a wide range of chess openings, and giving his name to Alekhine's Defence and several other opening variations. Mikhail Botvinnik (August 4, 1. Working as an electrical engineer and computer scientist at the same time, he was one of the very few famous chess players who achieved distinction in another career while playing top- class competitive chess. He was also a pioneer of computer chess. He was World Champion from 1. He briefly lost the World Championship to Vasily Smyslov and then to Mikhail Tal, but won it back from both of them in rematches. Mikhail Tal (November 9, 1. Every game, he once said, was as inimitable and invaluable as a poem. Vasily Smyslov . He made enormous contributions to chess opening theory in many openings, including the English Opening, Gr. He is widely considered the greatest chess player of all time. Fischer was also a best- selling chess author. Anatoly Karpov (born May 2. He held the official FIDE world title from 1. FIDE led him to set up a rival organization, the Professional Chess Association. Viswanathan Anand (born 1.
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